This management note summarizes the classic “Managing Management Time: Who’s Got the Monkey?” by William Oncken Jr. and Donald L. Wass. It is presented here as a practical coaching resource, not as an original Joseph Bartosch article.

The Core Idea A “monkey” represents the next action step in any task or problem.

When a team member brings a problem to a manager, and the manager takes responsibility for the next step, the monkey transfers upward—from the employee to the manager.

The Central Problem Many managers become overworked not because they have too much to do, but because they are doing other people’s work.

This happens when:

  • Managers accept problems instead of assigning responsibility
  • Managers provide solutions instead of requiring ownership
  • Subordinates defer upward rather than act

The Goal of Good Management Ensure that every monkey is owned and handled at the lowest appropriate level in the organization.

Managers should supervise and guide—but not carry—the work.

Five Rules for Managing “Monkeys” 1. Define the Monkey: Clearly identify the next action required. 2. Assign the Monkey: Confirm who owns the next step—this should usually remain with the subordinate. 3. Insure the Monkey: Establish expectations, authority, and resources. 4. Check on the Monkey: Schedule follow-up at agreed intervals. 5. Feed and Care for the Monkey: Provide coaching and support without taking over.

Common Pitfall “Let me take a look at that.” This seemingly helpful response often results in the manager inheriting the task.

Better Leadership Response

  • “What do you recommend?”
  • “What is your next step?”
  • “When will you follow up?”

These keep responsibility with the employee.

Key Insight Effective managers do not reduce their workload by doing more themselves. They do so by ensuring clarity, ownership, and accountability at every level.

Bottom Line If you are overwhelmed, ask:

Whose monkey am I carrying that should not be mine?

And then return it—properly, with clarity and follow-up.

Joseph Bartosch, EdD Certified Professional Business Coach